A quantum computer is a machine that stores data and performs computation using the principles and rules of quantum physics. A quantum computer can successfully perform very difficult tasks in a few minutes which we cannot even think of doing with today’s computers.
Quantum computer is the computer of the future, it is completely different from today’s computers and these computers are powerful. There is a very special reason behind this, existing computers use binary digits i.e. bits to run programs or for any kind of calculation, due to which data is kept in the land of zero and one.
What is the BITS ?
Binary digits are used to write programs in machine language. It has only two values 0 and 1 because the computer understands only binary digits and completes the work accordingly.
Transistors are fitted in the computer’s circuit which recognize these bits and convert it into electric signals and send the data to all the parts. After loading any software which is designed to run on the computer, the processor converts it into machine language after which the computer understands the program and completes the task.
In quantum computers, quantum digits are used instead of binary digits. Quantum digitals are called QUBITS in short form.
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What is the QUBITS?
The bits used in big computers can have only two values at a time, either the value of a bit will be one or it will be zero. But the value of QUBITS can be more than zero and one at a time.
QUBITS can hold three types of values at the same time. The value of one bit will be one. It will either be 0 or 1. This means that QUBITS can have four values simultaneously. This quality makes quantum computers special and its capacity and speed are also higher than other computers.
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What is the future of Quantum computer ?
In today’s 21st century, people have a lot of expectations about what quantum computer will do. Ever since the computer came into existence, it has been continuously becoming more powerful, that is why everyone needs a computer to work fast.
However, it is difficult to guess when a quantum computer will be ready because making a quantum computer is not that easy. It requires such advanced tools and advanced algorithms that are not available right now.
Once the quantum computer is built, it will open any tax application in a few seconds, do its work and give us the output. That is why it is a bit difficult to say how much time the quantum computer is going to take to be built.
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How Quantum Computer Works ?
Instead of quantum computers, atoms are used for calculations. The idea of quantum computers came to the minds of scientists when they realized that atoms are natural complex calculators. According to science, any item keeps rotating naturally. This matches well with digital technology.
Which presents each data in the range of 1 or 0. The up spin of an item can be one or 1 and the down spin can be zero. But if the atomic spin is measured, it can be both up and down at the same time.
Because of this, it is not equal to ordinary computer BITS, it is something different that scientists have named it QUBITS.
Quantum computers vs classical computers
(a) What is a classical computer?
From Windows 1-11 to modern supercomputers, classical computers have evolved significantly while maintaining the same basic principles. Classical computers process information sequentially and store data using binary bits, which are 0 or 1.
By manipulating binary code, classical computers perform a wide range of tasks, from running simple operating systems to executing complex supercomputing calculations.
(b)What is a quantum computer?
Quantum computers have purposes similar to those of classical computers. But quantum computers work on completely different principles. Instead of binary bits, they use quantum bits, or qubits.This allows qubits to exist in multiple states simultaneously, representing both 0 and 1 at the same time.
What is the difference between classical computers and quantum computers?
| Quantum computer | classical computers |
| 1. It is high speed parallels computer waste phone quantum mechanics | 1.It is large-scale integrated multi-purpose computer |
| 2. Quantum computing is best appropriate for data analysis | 2.Classic computing is best suitable for the daily processing |
| 3. Quantum computing has a high Error rate | 3.Classical computing has a less error rate |
| 4. Mat secure to work with | 4.Less cure to work with |
| 5. Operates it close to Absolute zero temperature | 5.Operates at room temperature |
| 6. Calculate with QUBITS that can have value 0 or 1 simultaneously | 6.Calculate with transistors, that can have value either 0 aur 1 |
What is the quantum cryptography?
Cryptography uses particle of light or photons to transmit cryptography ki over fibre optic wire, the photons represent binary bits aka zero and one. It’s a completely secure system.
Because this property of quantum mechanics particles can exit in more than one place or state at a time. Ek Quantum property cannot be observed without changing or disturbing it, And whole particles cannot be copied.Quantum cryptography follow model developed in 1984
Quantum machine learning
There are some challenges in machine learning. So machine learning is also progressing rapidly. For example in deep learning we have very large neural networks. Which can solve classification problems very effectively.
In fact it is relatively simple to parallelize these deep learning networks on classical computers using these solutions. So this is an easy problem and there is no point in solving this problem with classical computers.Quantum Machine Learning is mainly about finding difficult models in machine learning, the main purpose of quantum machines.
Quantum computing benefits?
If you want a Quantum Computer, you might be a little disappointed. At the moment, no work is underway to make a Quantum Computer available for general public use.
These are still very big and noisy. Currently, quantum computers are used for complex research and data science. They can perform calculations simultaneously using the power of their qubits.
Experts believe that quantum computers will prove to be very useful, some say that with this we will be able to understand climate change better. Even if there is a lot of data and complex structure, quantum computers will definitely be beneficial.
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The dangers of Quantum Compute
Cyber security experts have expressed some apprehensions about quantum computers. Some people think that quantum computers can break the most modern cryptography till date, that is, all the encryption used in our machines etc. will become useless.
If such a powerful computer leaves the research institute and falls into wrong hands, then anyone can break the lock of the cyber world i.e. de-grift it, meaning no password will be able to access any of your accounts.
If criminals get hold of it, they can use it to hack sensitive information in seconds. If hacking happens, you can understand that anything big and dangerous, from power plant to electricity supply or telephone connection, will be possible.
Applications of quantum computing
◾Artificial intelligence and machine learning
◾Computational chemistry
◾Financial protifolito optimization
◾Financial protifolito optimization
◾Logistics and scheduling
◾Cyber security